Super Audio Cd Burner
.Super Audio CD ( SACD) is a format for, introduced in 1999. It was developed jointly by and, and intended to be the successor to their (CD) format. While the SACD format can offer more channels (e.g.
), and a longer playing time than CD, research published in 2007 found no significant difference in audio quality between SACD and standard CD at ordinary volume levels. The SACD is designed to be played on an SACD player; however, SACDs may be played on a CD player, and CDs may be played on an SACD player, without the benefits of SACD.Having made little impact in the consumer audio market, by 2007, SACD was deemed to be a failure by the press. A small market for SACD has remained, serving the community. Contents.History The Super Audio CD format was introduced in 1999. And partnered in May 2002 to develop and install the first SACD hybrid disc production line in the United States, with a production capacity of three million discs per year. SACD did not achieve the same level of growth that compact discs enjoyed in the 1980s, and was not accepted by the market.The first broadcast of a SACD Disc on BBC Radio was in March 2000. The programme was an interview between Eric Kingdon (Sony), Colin Mackenzie (Hi-Fi Corner) and Kit Frazer (BBC Radio Scotland).
The disc played was Mariah Carey 'Mariah'. Content. Main article:By October 2009, record companies had published more than 6,000 SACD releases, slightly more than half of which were. And popular music albums, mainly remastered previous releases, were the next two most numerous genres represented.Many popular artists have released some or all of their back catalog on SACD. 's album (1973) sold over 800,000 copies by June 2004 in its SACD Surround Sound edition.
's rock opera (1969), and 's (1982), were released on SACD to take advantage of the format's multi-channel capability. All three albums were remixed in, and released as hybrid SACDs with a stereo mix on the standard CD layer.Some popular artists have released new recordings on SACD. Sales figures for 's (2003) album reached number one on SACD sales charts in four European countries in June 2004.Between 2007 and 2008, re-released all of their studio albums across three box sets. Each album in these sets contains the album on SACD in both new stereo and 5.1 mixes. The original stereo mixes were not included. The US & Canada versions do not use SACD but CD instead.By August 2009 443 labels had released one or more SACDs. Instead of depending on major label support, some orchestras and artists have released SACDs on their own.
For instance, the started the Chicago Resound label to provide full support for high-resolution SACD hybrid discs, and the established their own 'LSO Live' label.Many of the SACD discs that were released from 2000-2005 are now out of print and are available only on the used market. By 2009, the major record companies were no longer regularly releasing discs in the format, with new releases confined to the smaller labels. Technology SACD is a disc of identical physical dimensions as a standard compact disc; the of the disc is the same as a. There are three types of disc:. Hybrid: Hybrid SACDs are encoded with a 4.7 GB DSD layer (also known as the HD layer), as well as a PCM (Red Book) audio layer readable by most conventional Compact Disc players. Single-layer: A DVD-5 encoded with one 4.7 GB DSD layer.
Dual-layer: A DVD-9 encoded with two DSD layers, totaling 8.5 GB, and no PCM layer. Dual-layer SACDs can store nearly twice as much data as a single-layer SACD.Unlike hybrid discs, both single- and dual-layer SACD's are incompatible with conventional CD players and cannot be played on them.A stereo SACD recording has an uncompressed rate of 5.6, four times the rate for CD stereo audio.
Other technical parameters are as follows:CD layer (optional)SACD layerDisc capacity700 MB4.7 GBAudio encoding16 bit1 bitSampling frequency44.1 kHz2.8224 MHzAudio channels2 up to 6 Playback time if stereo80 minutes110 minutesCommercial releases commonly included both surround sound (five full-range plus multi-channel) and stereo (dual-channel) mixes on the SACD layer. Some reissues however, retained the mixes of earlier multi-channel formats (examples include the 1973 mix of 's and the 1957 three-channel stereo recording by the of 's, reissued on SACD in 2001 and 2004 respectively).Disc reading. A Super Audio CD uses two layers and the standardized of conventional CD players to enable both types of player to read the data.Objective lenses in conventional CD players have a longer working distance, or, than lenses designed for SACD players.
This means that when a hybrid SACD is placed into a conventional CD player, the laser beam passes the high-resolution layer and is reflected by the conventional layer at the standard 1.2 mm distance, and the high-density layer is out of focus. When the disc is placed into an SACD player, the laser is reflected by the high-resolution layer (at 0.6 mm distance) before it can reach the conventional layer. Conversely, if a conventional CD is placed into an SACD player, the laser will read the disc as a CD since there is no high-resolution layer. Main article:SACD audio is stored in a format called (DSD), which differs from the conventional (PCM) used by the or conventional computer audio systems. In, the audio amplitude at any one moment is determined by the most recent single number encoded in the bit stream (16 bits encode a single number in ), while in, the amplitude is a function of the entire past sequence of bits that have been read up to that moment.DSD is, has a sampling rate of 2.8224, and makes use of techniques in order to push 1-bit quantization noise up to inaudible ultrasonic frequencies. This gives the format a greater and wider frequency response than the CD.
The SACD format is capable of delivering a dynamic range of 120 from 20 Hz to 20 kHz and an extended frequency response up to 100 kHz, although most currently available players list an upper limit of 70–90 kHz, and practical limits reduce this to 50 kHz.Because of the nature of, one cannot make a direct technical comparison between DSD and PCM. DSD's frequency response can be as high as 100 kHz, but frequencies that high compete with high levels of ultrasonic.
With appropriate, a of 20 kHz can be achieved along with a dynamic range of nearly 120 dB, which is about the same dynamic range as PCM audio with a resolution of 20 bits. DST To reduce the space and bandwidth requirements of (DSD), a method called Direct Stream Transfer (DST) is used. DST compression is compulsory for multi-channel regions and optional for stereo regions. This typically compresses by a factor of between two and three, allowing a disc to contain 80 minutes of both 2-channel and 5.1-channel sound.Direct Stream Transfer compression was also standardized as an amendment to standard (/ 14496-3:2001/Amd 6:2005 – Lossless coding of oversampled audio) in 2005. It contains the DSD and DST definitions as described in the Super Audio CD Specification.
The MPEG-4 DST provides lossless coding of oversampled audio signals. Target applications of DST is archiving and storage of oversampled audio signals and SA-CD.A of MPEG-4 DST was published as ISO/IEC 14496-5:2001/Amd.10:2007 in 2007. Copy protection SACD has several features at the physical level, which made the digital content of SACD discs difficult to copy until the of the. The content may be copyable without SACD quality by resorting to the, or ripping the conventional 700 MB layer on hybrid discs. Copy protection schemes include physical pit modulation and 80-bit of the audio data, with a key encoded on a special area of the disc that is only readable by a licensed SACD device. The HD layer of an SACD disc cannot be played back on computer CD/DVD drives, and SACDs can only be manufactured at the disc replication facilities in and.However, PlayStation 3 with a SACD drive and appropriate firmware can use specialized software to extract a copy of the HD stream. Sound quality Sound quality parameters achievable by the Red Book and SACD formats compared with the limits of human hearing are as follows:CDSACDHuman hearingDynamic range90 dB,120 dB (with shaped )105 dB120 dBFrequency range20 Hz – 20 kHz20 Hz – 50 kHz20 Hz – 20 kHz (young person);upper limit 8 to 15 kHz (middle-aged adult)Comparison with CD In the audiophile community, the sound from the SACD format is thought to be significantly better than that of CD.
For example, one supplier claims that 'The DSD process used for producing SACDs captures more of the nuances from a performance and reproduces them with a clarity and transparency not possible with CD.' In September 2007, the published the results of a year-long trial, in which a range of subjects including professional recording engineers were asked to discern the difference between SACD and a audio (44.1 kHz/16 bit) conversion of the same source material under test conditions. Out of 554 trials, there were 276 correct answers, a 49.8% success rate corresponding almost exactly to the 50% that would have been expected by alone. When the level of the signal was elevated by 14 dB or more, the test subjects were able to detect the higher of the CD quality loop easily.
The authors commented:Now, it is very difficult to use negative results to prove the inaudibility of any given phenomenon or process. There is always the remote possibility that a different system or more finely attuned pair of ears would reveal a difference. But we have gathered enough data, using sufficiently varied and capable systems and listeners, to state that the burden of proof has now shifted. Further claims that careful 16/44.1 encoding audibly degrades high resolution signals must be supported by properly controlled double-blind tests.Following criticism that the original published results of the study were not sufficiently detailed, the AES published a list of the audio equipment and recordings used during the tests. Comparison with DVD-A Contradictory results have been found when comparing DSD and high-resolution PCM formats. In 2004 between DSD and 24-bit, 176.4 kHz PCM recordings reported that among test subjects no significant differences could be heard.
DSD advocates and equipment manufacturers continue to assert an improvement in sound quality above PCM 24-bit 176.4 kHz. A 2003 study found that despite both formats' extended frequency responses, people could not distinguish audio with information above 21 kHz from audio without such high-frequency content.In a 2014 study, however, Marui et al. Found that under double-blind conditions, listeners were able to distinguish between PCM (192 kHz/24 bits) and DSD (2.8 MHz) or DSD (5.6MHz) recording formats, preferring the qualitative features of DSD, but could not discriminate between the two DSD formats. Playback hardware The player was introduced concurrently with the SACD format in 1999, at a price of approximately US$5,000. It weighed over 26 kilograms (57 lb) and played two-channel SACDs and CDs only. Electronics manufacturers, including, and offer or offered SACD players. Has made in-car SACD players.SACD players are not permitted to offer an output carrying an unencrypted stream of DSD.The first two generations of Sony's PlayStation 3 game console were capable of reading SACD discs.
Starting with the third generation (introduced October 2007), SACD playback was removed. All PlayStation 3 models however will play DSD Disc format.PlayStation 3 was capable of converting multi-channel DSD to 1.5 Mbit/s for playback over using the 2.00. The subsequent revision removed the feature.Several brands have introduced (mostly ) players that can play SACD discs.Unofficial playback of SACD on a PC is possible through for using an plug-in extension called SACDDecoder. Music software also supports playback of SACD disc images. See also.
Earlier attempts at higher fidelity that stayed within the CDDA standard: and. Later attempts at higher fidelity that stayed within the CDDA standard: Blu-spec CD, and SHM-CD.References. Brad Meyer & David R. Moran (September 2007). 55 (9): 775–779 – via drewdaniels.com. ^ Jack Schofield (2 August 2007). The Guardian.
Retrieved May 29, 2009. Such a format—Super Audio CD (SACD)—has been out there since September 1999. And now, it's dying. ^. Retrieved 2013-03-06. Retrieved 2011-12-31.Mark Fleischmann Are DVD-Audio and SACD DOA?
April 2, 2004 'the CD tidal wave was so aggressive that it swept away everything in its path including the terms album and record. I keep waiting for a high-resolution audio to trigger a similar tsunami. But tiny islands of SACDs and DVD-Audio titles in my local Tower Records have not grown into mighty continents.' Retrieved on January 16, 2010.C Net News, March 26, 2009 Betamax to Blu-ray: Sony format winners, losers by Steve Guttenberg.
'SACD was praised by audiophiles, but fizzled in the market. Sony Records no longer releases new SACD titles' (This is not entirely true; while Sony Classical does not appear to be making new SACD releases, Sony Classical in Germany and Japan made SACDs as recently as June 5, 2009 ) Retrieved on May 29, 2009.Stereofile eNewsletter, January 10, 2006. Io Saturnalia! By Wes Phillips. Mentions 'the failure of SACD and DVD-A to gain traction.' Retrieved on May 28, 2009.Audio Video Revolution, October 19, 2006. The Symbolism Of Losing Tower Records by Jerry Del Colliano.
'The pure failure of SACD and DVD-Audio as high resolution formats was analogous burning down a small town.' Retrieved on May 28, 2009.High Fidelity Review. Retrieved on May 20, 2009. ^High Fidelity Review. Retrieved on May 18, 2009.SA-CD.net.retrieved June 6, 2009.retrieved June 6, 2009. Sinclair, Paul (January 30, 2013). Retrieved 2013-03-11.
Super Audio Cd Burner
Guttenberg, Steve (July 16, 2009). Retrieved 2013-03-11. ^Extremetech.com, Leslie Shapiro, July 2, 2001. Surround Sound: 'A stereo SACD recording has a data rate of 5.6Mbps, which is four times the stereo CD data rate of 1.4Mbps.'
Retrieved on May 20, 2009.Retrieved June 16, 2009. ^ Middleton, Chris; Zuk, Allen (2003). Cengage Learning.
P. 54. Clifford, Martin (1987). 'The Complete Compact Disc Player.' Prentice Hall. 57.'
SACD players are equipped with optical pick-ups that emit a 650 nanometer wavelength laserlight that is reflected by the DSD layer. The optical pick-ups in all CD players, however, emit a 780 nanometer laserlight which is transparent to the DSD layer, so only the CD layer is read' Retrieved June 16, 2009.Reefman, Derk; Nuijten, Peter. (PDF) Audio Engineering Society Convention Paper 5396, May 2001.Ambisonic.net. Richard Elen, August 2001. Retrieved on May 20, 2009.practical-home-theater-guide.com Retrieved June 3, 2009.
Super Audio Cd Burner 1.1.75
/ (2006-03-14). Retrieved 2009-10-09. / (2007-08-06). Retrieved 2009-10-09. ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG11/N6674 (July 2004), (DOC), retrieved 2009-10-09. ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 11 N7465 (July 2005). Retrieved 2009-10-09.
ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 11 N7465 (July 2005). Archived from on 2007-02-03. Retrieved 2009-12-28. / (2009-09-01), (PDF), IEC, retrieved 2009-10-07. / (2007), (ZIP), ISO, retrieved 2009-10-07. / (2007-03-01), ISO, retrieved 2009-10-09.
Retrieved 2007-07-12. Retrieved 2007-07-12. Fries, Bruce; Marty Fries (2005).
O'Reilly Media. P. 147. “With use of shaped dither. The effective dynamic range of 16 bit audio reaches 120dB in practice”. ^ Rossing, Thomas (2007).
Springer Handbook of Acoustics. Pp. 747, 748. ' Retrieved January 1, 2014.
Galo, Gary (2008). Retrieved February 11, 2017. Paul D. Lehrman: online, April 2008.Blech, Dominikp; Yang, Min-Chi. (PDF) Audio Engineering Society Convention Paper 6086, May 2004. (PDF). Retrieved 2011-12-31.Toshiyuki Nishiguchi, Kimio Hamasaki, Masakazu Iwaki, and Akio Ando, 'Perceptual Discrimination between Musical Sounds with and without Very High Frequency Components' Published by NHK Laboratories in 2004.
Marui, A., Kamekawa, T., Endo, K., & Sato, E. (2014, April).
Subjective evaluation of high resolution recordings in PCM and DSD audio formats. In Audio Engineering Society Convention 136.
Audio Engineering Society. Retrieved 2006-05-18.shows a single SACD player, the C-S5VL.
Retrieved March 21, 2012.shows a single SACD player, the DCD-SA1. Retrieved June 3, 2009.shows one SACD player and shows four SACD players. Retrieved June 3, 2009.The and are two SACD players that Pioneer offers.
Retrieved June 3, 2009.shows the CD-S1000 and CD-S2000 SACD players. Retrieved June 3, 2009. High Fidelity Review. Archived from on 2007-03-02. Retrieved 2007-01-18.practical-home-theater-guide.com 'SACD compatible players are not permitted to send DSD digital content over an unencrypted digital audio link' Retrieved June 18, 2009. PS3 SACD FAQ.
Retrieved 2009-01-04. November 22, 2007. Retrieved August 11, 2010. Retrieved 2009-10-21.
Super Audio Cd Burner Mac
Maxim V. Retrieved 18 March 2012. Retrieved 26 November 2013.Bibliography. Janssen, E.; Reefman, D. Signal Processing Magazine, IEEE Volume 20, Issue 4, July 2003, pp. 83–90.External links., Sony (archived PDF).
Reviews of SACD releases and a discussion forum. Sony website, in Japanese.