Industrial Internet Of Things America
The Industrial Internet of Things ( IIoT) refers to interconnected sensors, instruments, and other devices networked together with computers' industrial applications, including, but not limited to, manufacturing and energy management. This connectivity allows for data collection, exchange, and analysis, potentially facilitating improvements in productivity and efficiency as well as other economic benefits.
The IIoT is an evolution of a (DCS) that allows for a higher degree of automation by using cloud computing to refine and optimize the process controls. Approximate correspondence between levels in the Purdue model and the basic structure of the IoTThe IIoT is enabled by technologies such as cybersecurity, cloud computing, mobile technologies, machine-to-machine, 3D printing, advanced robotics, big data, Internet of Things, RFID technology, and cognitive computing. Five of the most important ones are described below:.: the basic technology platform for and IIoT and therefore the main enabler to connect physical machines that were previously disconnected. CPS integrates the dynamics of the physical process with those of software and communication, providing abstractions and modeling, design, and analysis techniques for integrated the whole.: With cloud computing IT services can be delivered in which resources are retrieved from the Internet as opposed to direct connection to a server.
Files can be kept on cloud-based storage systems rather than on local storage devices.: A paradigm which brings closer to the location where it is needed. In contrast to, edge computing refers to data processing at the edge of the network. The industrial internet requires more of an -plus- architecture rather than one based on purely centralized cloud; in order to transform productivity, products and services in the industrial world.
analytics: Big data analytics is the process of examining large and varied data sets, or big data. and: Artificial intelligence (AI) is a field within computer science in which intelligent machines are created that work and react like humans. Machine learning is a core part of AI, allows the software to become more accurate with predicting outcomes without explicitly being programmed.Architecture IIoT systems are often conceived as a layered modular architecture of digital technology. The device layer refers to the physical components: CPS, sensors or machines.
The network layer consists of physical network buses, cloud computing and communication protocols that aggregate and transport the data to the service layer, which consists of applications that manipulate and combine data into information that can be displayed on the driver dashboard. The top-most stratum of the stack is the content layer or the user interface. Layered modular architecture IIoTContent layerUser interface devices (e.g. Screens, tablets, smart glasses)Service layerApplications, software to analyze data and transform it into informationNetwork layerCommunications protocols, wifi, cloud computingDevice layerHardware: CPS, machines, sensorsHistory The history of the IIoT begins with the invention of the (PLC) by in 1968, which was used by in their automatic transmission manufacturing division.
These PLCs allowed for fine control of individual elements in the manufacturing chain. In 1975, and introduced the world's first DCSs, the TDC 2000 and the CENTUM system, respectively. These DCSs were the next step in allowing flexible process control throughout a plant, with the added benefit of backup redundancies by distributing control across the entire system, eliminating a singular point of failure in a central control room.With the introduction of in 1980, people began to explore the concept of a network of smart devices as early as 1982, when a modified machine at became the first internet-connected appliance, able to report its inventory and whether newly loaded drinks were cold.
As early as in 1994, greater industrial applications were envisioned, as Reza Raji described the concept in as 'moving small packets of data to a large set of nodes, so as to integrate and automate everything from home appliances to entire factories'.The concept of the internet of things first became popular in 1999, through the Auto-ID Center at MIT and related market-analysis publications. Radio-frequency identification was seen by Kevin Ashton (one of the founders of the original Auto-ID Center) as a prerequisite for the internet of things at that point.
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Internet Of Things
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Jun 27, 2017 The Long Dark General Discussions Topic Details. Ohh yes, even with the wolf coat, wolfs still want to eat you just as bad as before. But every time a wolf attack you and you fight it off, there is a good chance that the wolf will die and then you have a wolf pelt. The long dark wintermute wolf coat. Nov 14, 2018 Not the way the Wolf expected to end up. Crafting edit edit source The Wolfskin Coat can be crafted at a Workbench using 4 Cured Wolf Pelt and 4 Cured Gut. Crafting time is 50 hours, but can be reduced to 25 hours by using a Hunting Knife. Repair edit edit source Repairing a Wolfskin Coat uses 1 Cured Gut and 1 Cured Wolf Pelt.
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